Snakebite guide for bystanders and caregivers
Snakebite guide for bystanders and caregivers. Practical steps for people helping someone after a possible snakebite.
For: People helping someone after a possible snakebite
General guidance across countries. Sources checked 2026-09-26.
What to do now
Move away from the snake without trying to catch or kill it. Arrange emergency transport immediately, even if pain or swelling seems slight. Some effects of venom take time to appear. The bitten person should not walk if they can be carried or drive themselves.
Keep them calm and as still as possible. Support the bitten limb in a comfortable position and remove rings, watches or tight items before swelling. If safely possible, note the time and appearance of the snake; do not delay transport to get a picture.
Avoid harmful first aid
Do not cut the wound, suck venom, apply ice, use electric shock, or apply a tight tourniquet. Herbal preparations and 'snake stones' do not replace treatment. Do not give alcohol or use aspirin or ibuprofen as improvised treatment.
Antivenom is selected by clinicians when indicated and must be given where reactions and complications can be treated. Not every bite needs antivenom, but every suspected snakebite needs urgent assessment. For prevention, use a torch at night, wear protective footwear and avoid reaching into holes or piles you cannot see into.